Abies grandis
Grand Fir

Family: Pinaceae (Pine family)

Photo taken near Fish Lake, open woods, greater than 20 year old burned area

Flowers:

Fruit:

cones upright, 6 to 15 cm long, stalk less than 5 mm

Leaves:

3 to 4 cm long, tips notched or sometimes only blunt; upper surface green, lower surface white-stomatous; leaves mostly all horizontally spreading and creating a spray

Plant:

young bark white-grey, mature bark is red-brown, thin; large trees up to 90 meters tall. Decoction of gum and bark taken as a physic by the Okanagon-Colville. Branch tips were steeped to make tea and taken for many illnesses by the Thompson. Branches were also used by the Thompson as temporary lodge flooring and bedding. Hard pitch was chewed to clean the teeth by the Shuswap, and the cambium was made into a tea or chewed for food. For sores, a poultice of pitch was applied also by the Shuswap.

Habitat:

sea level to 3,000 ft in the Cascades and up to 7,000 ft in the Rocky Mountains

Distribution of species:

British Columbia to California and Montana

Distribution of genus:

39 species: northern hemisphere